The multi-agency response to children who are victims of domestic abuse

Domestic abuse is one of the most common factors in child protection cases, as many as 1 in 7 children experience it. Exposure to domestic abuse can affect emotional wellbeing, behaviour, learning and long-term development. Children who witness abuse are also more vulnerable to exploitation and serious youth violence. A child-centred, multi-agency approach where agencies share information and act together is essential to protect and support these children.

Key messages:

1. Children must be seen as victims in their own right

Although the 2021 Domestic Abuse Act legally recognises children who see, hear, or suffer the impact of domestic abuse as victims, this is not always reflected in practice. In many areas, professionals remain more focused on adult victims, meaning children’s needs and experiences can be overlooked.

2. Early identification and intervention are vital

When practitioners fail to recognise signs of coercive or controlling behaviour, or do not link adult abuse with harm to children, opportunities for timely support are missed.

3. Children’s voices must be heard

There is too much variation in how well children’s experiences are captured, understood, and reflected in decisions about their support. Better listening and involvement of children in assessments and plans are needed so that help truly meets their needs.

4. Strategic leadership matters

Where local multi-agency partnerships prioritise domestic abuse and coordinate services effectively, practice is stronger.

What schools and settings need to know

• Be alert to signs that a pupil may be affected by domestic abuse, such as changes in behaviour, attendance, anxiety, or regressions in development.

• Understand that even if a child is not directly hurt, hearing or seeing domestic abuse makes them a victim under law and needs a safeguarding response.

• Participate actively in multi-agency partnerships to share information and coordinate support.

• Ensure children’s voices are heard in assessments.

• Recognising children as victims, intervening early, working together, and listening to children must be embedded in safeguarding practice at every level.

Find out more about domestic abuse on our information page packed with free resources.